Neottia banksiana (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
Northwestern Twayblade
Facts About
Accepted Synonyms: Listera banksiana, Listera caurina, Neottia caurina, Ophrys caurina
Neottia banksiana, known as the Northwestern Twayblade, is endemic to the Pacific Northwest and grows in moist coniferous forests, boggy wooded slopes, fens, subalpine meadows, and floodplains.
The orchid grows up to 30 cm. The opposite leaves are above the middle of the stem. The loose raceme has up to 25 small yellowish green flowers. Lateral sepals and petals are spreading and sickle-shaped. The labellum is wedge-shaped, with a broad, rounded apex. Some plants have a slight notch or tooth at the apex. Two dark green stripes extend to the base of the labellum.
Neottia banksiana's global rank is apparently secure.
Pollination
Pollinator information for this orchid has not been reported.
Ecosystem Type
Alpine or subalpine zones, bogs, fens, floodplains, forests, meadows
Characteristics
- Habitat:
- terrestrial
- Leaf arrangement:
- opposite
- Number of leaves on stem:
- two
- Form of the labellum:
- the labellum is not pouch-like
- Labellum outline:
- the labellum is simple
- Main color of labellum:
- green to brown
- Nectar spur:
- absent
- Inflorescence type:
- the inflorescence is a raceme
- Labellum characteristics:
- the labellum is simple
- Labellum length:
- 4.5–6 mm
- Sepal length:
- 2.8–4 mm
- Plant height:
- 5–30 cm
-
Flowers
- Floral bract length:
- 6 mm
- Flower petal color:
-
- green
- yellow
- Flower symmetry:
- the flower is zygomorphic
- Flowering date:
-
- April
- May
- June
- July
- August
- September
- Flowers per inflorescence:
- 5–30
- Form of the labellum:
- the labellum is not pouch-like
- Hairs on flower stalk:
- the pedicel has at least some hairs with glands at their bases or tips
- Hairs on inflorescence axis:
- the inflorescence stem has at least some hairs with glands
- Inflorescence length:
- 50–130 mm
- Inflorescence type:
- the inflorescence is a raceme
- Labellum characteristics:
- the labellum is simple
- Labellum length:
- 4.5–6 mm
- Labellum outline:
- the labellum is simple
- Labellum position:
- the flowers are non-resupinate
- Length of flower stalk:
- 4–12 mm
- Lower petal strongly red-veined:
- no
- Main color of labellum:
- green to brown
- Nectar spur:
- absent
- Number of stamens:
- 1
- Orientation of side petals:
- the lateral petals are spreading
- Self-pollinating flowers:
- there are no cleistogamous flowers
- Sepal length:
- 2.8–4 mm
- Sepals fused only to sepals:
- the sepals are separate from one another
- Spots on labellum:
- no
- Spur opening membrane:
- N/A
- Spur opening shape:
- N/A
-
Fruits or seeds
- Fruit length:
- 5 mm
- Fruit width:
- 4 mm
- Seed capsule orientation:
- the capsule points upwards or outwards
-
Growth form
- Plant height:
- 5–30 cm
- Roots:
- the rhizomes are non-coralloid
- Underground organs:
- slender roots
- myco-heterotrophic or not:
- the plant is chlorophyllous
-
Leaves
- Bract relative length:
- the bract is shorter than the associated flower
- Features of leaves:
- N/A
- Leaf arrangement:
- opposite
- Leaf blade edges:
- the leaf edges are entire
- Leaf blade length:
- 25–70 mm
- Leaf blade length to width ratio:
- 1.4–1.6
- Leaf blade shape:
-
- elliptic
- orbicular
- other
- ovate
- Leaf blade tip:
- the tip of the leaf blade is obtuse
- Leaf blade width:
- 18–45 mm
- Leaves during flowering:
- leaves are present during flowering
- Number of leaves on stem:
- two
-
Place
- Ecosystem type:
-
- alpine or subalpine zones
- bogs
- fens
- floodplains
- forests
- meadows
- Habitat:
- terrestrial
- Location:
-
- Alaska
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- California
- Idaho
- Montana
- Oregon
- Washington
- Wyoming
-
Facts and Uses
- Mycorrhiza
- Monitoring
- Propagation
- Restoration
Native to North America
Yes
North American Conservation Status & Distribution
Conservation Status
Conservation and Wetland Status | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Apparently Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Conservation status for: Alberta | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Apparently Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Alberta Rank | State Rare |
Alberta Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: British Columbia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Apparently Secure |
US Status | N/A |
British Columbia Rank | Secure |
British Columbia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: Wyoming | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Apparently Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Wyoming Rank | State Rare |
Wyoming Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Obligate Wetland |